Overlapping

Overlapping in football is a tactical movement where a player runs around a teammate who has the ball, typically to create space, confuse defenders, or receive a pass in a more advanced position. This technique is most often used on the wings, involving full-backs and wingers, but it can occur anywhere on the pitch when players aim to support each other with forward runs.

How It Works

The classic example of an overlap involves a full-back running around a winger. Let’s say the left winger has possession near the touchline. The left-back, who starts behind the winger, sprints on the outside and ahead of the winger into an attacking position. This movement presents two options: the winger can pass the ball to the overlapping full-back, who may cross it into the box, or the overlapping run can pull the defender out of position, allowing the winger to cut inside or dribble forward.

This move relies heavily on timing, communication, and positional awareness. If mistimed, it could lead to offside or a loss of possession. Done correctly, it increases attacking options and stretches the opposition’s defense.

Tactical Benefits

1. Creating 2v1 Situations: Overlapping creates numerical superiority on the flanks. If a defender commits to stopping the overlapping run, the ball carrier may get more space.

2. Stretching the Defense: Defenders must decide whether to follow the overlapping runner or stay with the ball carrier, potentially creating gaps.

3. Crossing Opportunities: Overlaps often end with crosses into the box from the byline, a key strategy for teams with strong aerial players.

Real-Life Examples

1. When Trent Alexander-Arnold and Mo Salah played together at Liverpool they were able to link up effectively. While Salah often cuts inside from the right wing, Alexander-Arnold overlaps from right-back, offering a wide passing option and delivering dangerous crosses. This duo demonstrates how overlaps can be part of a structured attacking system.

2. Jordi Alba and Lionel Messi (Barcelona): During their years together, Messi would drift inside from the right, drawing defenders with him. Alba would make an overlapping run on the left, often receiving a through ball into the box. Their chemistry made this move almost predictable yet nearly impossible to stop.

3. England’s National Team (Euro 2020): Luke Shaw often overlapped down the left wing, allowing Raheem Sterling or other attackers to cut inside. Shaw’s overlapping runs were vital in creating goal-scoring chances, particularly in the final against Italy.

Variations

• Underlapping Runs: Similar to overlapping, but instead of going around the outside, the supporting player runs inside the ball carrier, aiming to get into a central attacking position.

• Inverted Full-Backs: In modern tactics, some full-backs move inside (inverting) instead of overlapping, especially when facing counter-attacking teams.

Conclusion

Overlapping is a fundamental attacking concept that enhances team dynamics, especially on the flanks. It requires fitness, timing, and teamwork but can be highly effective when executed well. Whether in grassroots or professional football, overlapping remains a key tool in breaking down defensive lines and creating scoring opportunities.